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| 1800 |
| | | Toussaint L'Ouverture emerges as the leader of Saint-Domingue, ruling without French colonial control | |
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| 1801 |
| | | Toussaint L'Ouverture invades the neighbouring Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, and becomes ruler of of the whole island of Hispaniola | |
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| 1801 |
| | | A powerful French force arrives in Saint-Domingue and recovers control of the colony, offering generous terms to the native leaders | |
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| 1802 |
| | | Toussaint L'Ouverture is treacherously arrested and sent to France, where he dies in prison | |
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| 1804 |
| | | The independence of Haiti from France is proclaimed by a new black ruler calling himself the emperor Jacques I | |
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| 1844 |
| | | The other half of Hispaniola joins Haiti in declaring independence, as the Dominican Republic | |
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| 1855 |
| | | Jamaican-born nurse Mary Seacole sets up her own 'British Hotel' in the Crimea to provide food and nursing for soldiers in need | |
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| 1868 |
| | | An uprising against Spanish rule in Cuba sparks off a Ten Years' War | |
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| 1868 |
| | | An armed uprising against Spanish rule takes place in the town of Lares in Puerto Rico, becoming known as the Grito de Lares ('Cry of Lares') | |
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| 1878 |
| | | The Ten Years' War ends in Cuba, with Spain promising extensive reforms including the abolition of slavery | |
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